What is Observation in debate?

Observations set the terms before the arguments begin: definitions of key words in the resolution, the burden each side carries, or scope clarifications ("the resolution asks about policy, not implementation detail"). Used honestly, observations keep rounds from dissolving into semantics. Used aggressively, they sneak in unfair burdens the other team has to contest. If an opposing observation would decide the round by definition, challenge it in your next speech, because silence locks it in.